Tenants of a shared house in West London were awarded £21,771.68 in rent repayments after a tribunal found that their landlord had been operating the property as an unlicensed House in Multiple Occupation (HMO).

Since this case, new laws have been introduced to double tenant’s maximum possible rent repayment. Learn more here .

The tribunal also confirmed that tenant behaviour does not remove a landlord’s legal obligation to comply with licensing requirements, and that Rent Repayment Orders exist to deter non-compliance and protect tenants’ rights.

The landlord argued that he believed the property was licensed and blamed the failure on a former managing agent. However, the First-tier Tribunal ruled that landlords remain legally responsible for ensuring correct licensing and that he had failed to take reasonable steps to confirm that a valid licence was in place. As a result, the tribunal made a Rent Repayment Order requiring the landlord to repay rent to five tenants.

Cases like this demonstrate that Rent Repayment Orders are a real, enforceable legal remedy. While many cases resolve through private settlement before reaching tribunal, the law allows tenants to recover substantial sums where landlords fail to meet their legal obligations.